Find XO: One Year Publication Ban for a Single Nonexistent Citation, AI Verification Market Opens (404media.co)

- arXiv has begun imposing a one-year submission ban on authors who include nonexistent papers in their references. - Even after the ban ends, subsequent submissions must first pass peer review before being accepted. - Hallucinated citations have increased tenfold since 2023, with over 100 occurrences found in 53 papers accepted at NeurIPS 2025. - Verifying the existence of citations is straightforward through comparison, allowing immediate productization, but determining whether the source actually supports the claims is a much more difficult problem.